The Perception of King Heraclius II of Kartli-Kakheti among the Leaders of the Armenian Liberation Movement in the Second Half of the 18th Century (Joseph Emin, Movses Sarafov, Hovsep Arghutian, and Shahamir Shahamirian)

Abstract

This article examines the role of King Heraclius II of Kartli-Kakheti in the Armenian liberation movement during the second half of the 18th century and aims to analyze this topic within the broader historical and geopolitical dynamics of the South Caucasus. Employing source-based and comparative methodologies, it explores the relations between Armenian and Georgian individuals, as well as their cooperative responses to shared external threats.

The research highlights how, during a period of rising Armenian liberation aspirations and the geopolitical rivalry of great powers, Armenian leaders such as Joseph Emin, Movses Sarafov, Hovsep Arghutian, and Shahamir Shahamirian perceived Heraclius II as pivotal in their efforts to restore Armenian statehood. Special attention is given to Heraclius II's political capabilities, the challenges posed by Ottoman and Iranian dominance and Russian imperial ambitions, all of which shaped the nature of Armenian-Georgian collaboration.

Through a chronological analysis, this article examines the nature, objectives, and specific circumstances of the relations between Heraclius II and the leaders of the Armenian liberation movement. It aims to contribute to the study of Armenian-Georgian political history and serve as a resource for scholars interested in this field.